Cooling system for motors



Jan. 12, 1937. w. G. MILLIGAN COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS Filed April 8, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 W IN ENTOR lum/7s 141.14m#

ATTORNEYS Jan. 12, 1937. w. G. MILLIGAN 2,067,407

COOLING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS Filed April 8. 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .lll lull "1 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 12, 1937 uTEo STATES PATENT i oFElcE 15 Claims.

This invention relates to ,water-cooling andlike cooling systems for motors such as automobile motors. L

Heretofore, water-cooling systems for motors 5 required frequent replenishing with water due to losses by evaporation and in the winter when alcohol and like anti-freezing liquid of an expensive nature are used, these losses not only are annoying but are expensive.

1 is to provide an effective sealed water-cooling system'for automobiles to overcome the disadvantages mentioned in the preceding paragraplnf More particularly the invention has for an obq ject the association with the standard radiator of a water-cooling system of an auxiliary or condenser radiator condensing any evaporated water or other liquidtogether with means for returning the condensed vapor back into the liquid or fluid of the cooling system.

Another object of the invention is to associate effectively with a system described in the preceding paragraphs, an expansion tank to take care of variations in the pressure in the cooling system. An indicator may be associated with the expansion tank to show excessive pressures due to overheating of .the motor as from lack of oil,

etc.

Another object of the invention is to provide an effective thermostatically controlled. by-pass 1n the water-cooling system to cause themotor quickly to reach its normal operating temperature.

The foregoing and other purposes or objects of 55 lustrated in the accompanying drawings land described below. It is'to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific form thereof shown and described.

Of the accompanyingdrawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of a Water-cooling system embodying the invention shown installed in a motor vehicle;

Figure 2 is a section on line 2 2 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is an enlarged detail of the relief valve as shown in Figure l;

Figure 4 is an enlarged detail of the valve mechanism controlling theV flow of the cooling medium as shown in Figure 1 (motor is cold) 50 and f Figure 5 is a similar view of the mechanism when the motor is operating at a normal running temperature.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral I 0 des- 55 ignates an internal combustion engine of a known The general purpose/of the present invention the invention are attained in the apparatus il- (Cl. 12S-174) type provided with jacketed walls through which a cooling medium is circulated in the usual Way. I'he outlet duct from the motor Ill is shown at II and the inlet at I2. The outlet is connected to the top of a radiator in which the water may 0 rise to the level I5 when the system is filled through a ller duct I6 closed by a removableA cap Il.

The bottom of radiator I3 is connected through a duct I8 and valve I9'with the intake 2l)EL of a 10 pump which may be driven by the motor througha shaft 2i and which may discharge at I2 into the water jackets of the motor.v Valve I9 preferably has a small hole I9a through the same to equalize pressure on opposite sides of the 15 valve whereby it will operate easily under'any circumstances.

Associated Iwith the radiator I3 is a condenser radiator 22, the top ofwhich at 422El opens above the level I5 in radiator I3 and accordingly will receive only vapor forming in the system above the level I5 and operable to condensesaid vapor. The tops of radiators I3 and 22 open into a casing 23 defining an expansion tank and havingral exible diaphragm 24 comprising one wall there- 25 of, there being a relief valve 25 to be describedv opening to excessive internal pressure or vacuum in the system. 'V

An arm 26 may rest on diaphragm 24 and may be secured to a shaft 21 journaled on casing 23 30.

and having an indicator 28 thereon, the position of which would indicate the pressure in the system and indicating excessive pressure due to motor trouble causing overheating as from lack of suiicient lubricant. y

The bottom of radiator 22 is connected through a check valve 29 with a duct 30 which is connected through a valve 3I to the .pump intake 20i or some suitable part of the water-circulating system. The bottom of the radiator 22 may also 40 be connected by a duct 32 through an auxiliary pump 33 driven in any suitable Way and arranged to deliver the condensed water from radiator 22 to some part of the water-circulating system such .as the main pump intake 20a.

A by-pass duct 34 preferably connects the outlet II through a thermostatic valve 35 and duct and valve 3| to the pump intake 20a. The thermostatic valve is responsive to the temperaturexof the water by-passed through duct 34 50 to close the same when the water reaches a normal motor operating temperature and in some measure throughv the walls of the various ducts is responsive to the' temperature of the Water in duct I 8. 'Ijhe effect of the water in duct I8 on 55 the thermostatic valve could be increased by eX- tending the expansible capsule of the valve down into duct I8 if desired.

A iioat 36-is arranged in duct 30 on an arm 3'| pivoted at 38 on a lever 39 pivoted at 40 and having a lug M thereon for engaging and opening valve 3| and also a link 42v thereon for operatively connecting lever 39 with valve I9. Lever 39 is arranged to be snapped and held in either of the two positions thereof shown respectively in Figures 4 and 5 by so associating a spring 43 with the -lever as to yieldingly urge the lever in either direction away from a dead center. The float arm 31 has an enlarged portion 31a adjacent its pivot for contacting the side of lever 39 to actuate said lever in one direction or the other as the float is rising or falling.

As shown in Figure 3, the relief valve 25 may comprise a pair of"va1ve members 25a and 25b cooperating respectively with valve openings 25c and 25d, valve member 25b having openings 25e therein communicating with openings 25C permitting internal pressure to aiTect valve member 25a, the valve members being held clamped over their respective valve apertures by extending a rod 25f with an enlarged head 25g on one end and a spring 25h between a Washer 25i secured on the other end and one of the valve members..

In operation, when the motor is started, when colder than eicient operating temperature, control valves will be set as shown in Figure 4 and the Water Will circulate through the motor jackets from the pump discharge I2 through the outlet and by-pass 34, past the thermostatic valve 35, through duct 30, and past valve 3| to the pump intake.

When this water reaches the desired operating temperature, as determined by the setting of the thermostaticrvalve 35, this valve closes whereupon duct 30 is drained by the pump 2|) causing the float 36 to fall whereupon valve 3| closes and valve I9 is opened. Thereupon the water circulates from-the pump discharge or jacket inlet |2 through the motor jackets to outlet through radiator I3 to duct i3 through valve I9 to the intake 2|)a of pump 20.

A ny vapor forming in the system passes into radiator 22 and is cooled or condensed therein. The condensate may be drained into the watercirculating system through check valve 29, duct 30 4and valve 3| which will operate as a check valve as shown in Figure 5, or the condensate may be Withdrawn from the bottom of radiator 22 by the auxiliary pump 33 through duct 32 and delivered into the Water-circulating system atl any suitable place as at the intake 2|!a of the main pump 20.

Modications of the invention may be resorted to without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed isr- 1. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed fluid circulating system, including a uid cooling radiator, means for circulating the fluid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving andl condensing vapor formed in said system, and means for returning the condensate to the circulating fluid comprising valve means actuated by the condensate for interruptin g the uid circulation through said jacket and radiator and to permit the return of the condensate to the circulating uid.

2. In combination with a jacketed motor, a

f v normally sealed fluid circulating system, includ- .ing a uid cooling radiator, means for circulatthe return of the condensate to the circulating fluid.

3. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealedv fluid circulating system, including a fluid cooling radiator, means for circulating the uid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing Vapor formed in said system, and means for returning the condensate to the circulating fluid at a location ahead of said jacket comprising valve means actuated by the condensateior interrupting the uid circulation through said jacket and radiator and to permit the return of the condensate to the circulating uid.

4. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed fluid circulating system, including a fluid cooling radiator, means for circulating the uid through said` jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system, means operatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure developed therein to compensate for expansion and contraction thereby preventing the lescape of fluid from said system or the collapse thereof, and means for. forcibly returning the condensate to the circulating fluid at a location ahead of said jacket.

5. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed uid circulating system,` including a fluid cooling radiator, means forcirculating the uid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system,.means operatively connected in said syst/ern and actuated by pressure developed therein to compensate for expansion thereby preventing the escape of uid from said system, and means for forcibly returning the condensate to the circulating fluid at a location ahead of said jacket.

6. In combination with a jacketed motor, a cirwithdrawing the condensate from the lower portion of said condensing radiator and returning yit to the circulating fluid at a location ahead of said jacket and means operatively connected in said system to compensate for variations of pressure in said system thereby preventing the escape of fiuid from said system.

7. In combination with a jacketed motor, a

normally sealed fluid cooling system, including a uid cooling radiator, means for circulating the fluid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor lformed in said system, means for returning the condensate into the circulating iluid at a location ahead of the jacket inlet, and a flexible member operatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure above normal developed therein to compensate for expansion due to overheating thereby preventing the escape of fluid from the system.

8. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed fluid cooling system, including a uid cooling radiator, means for circulating the iluid through said jacket and radiator, a second radiator for receiving and condensing the vapor formed in said system, means for returning thek condensate into the circulating iluid at a location ahead of the jacket inlet, and a exible member operatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure above normal developed therein to compensate for expansion due to overheating thereby preventing the escape of fluid from the system.

9. In combination with a jacketed motor, a

j'rmally sealed fluid cooling system, including a.

huid cooling radiator, means for circulating the uid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system, means for returning the condensate into the circulating uid at a location ahead of the jacket inlet, and means operatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure above normal developed therein to compensate for expansion due to overheating thereby preventing the escape of uid from the system.

10. Inv combination with a jacketed motor, a

normally sealed uid cooling system, including a iluid cooling radiator, means for forcibly circulat- Y ing the uid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system, means for forcibly returning the condensate to the circulating uid independently of said uid circulating means, and means operatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure above normal developed therein to compensate for expansion due to overheating thereby preventing the escape of uid from the system.

11.'.In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed uid cooling system, including a uid cooling radiator, means for circulating the iluid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system, means for returning the condensate into the circulating fluid at a location ahead of the jacket inlet, and flexible means operatively connected in said system and actuated by variations of pressure developed .therein to compensate for expansion and contraction which takes place within said system thereby preventing loss of iluid or collapse of the system. 1

`12. Inr combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed uid cooling system, including a uid cooling radiator, means forA circulating the :fluid through said jacket and'radiaton, a by-pass for shunting a portion of the uid about the radiator, a thermostatic valve for controlling the ow of fluid through said by-pass. means for receiving and o condensing vapor formed in said system, means for returning the condensate into the circulating fluid at a location ahead of the jacket inlet, and a exiblemember operatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure above normal developed therein to compensate for expansion due to overheating thereby preventing the escape of fluid from the system.

13. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed uid cooling system, including a uid cooling radiator, means for circulating the fluid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system, means for returning the condensate into the circulating fluid, and meansoperatively connected in said system and actuated by pressure developed therein to' compensate for expansion due to overheating thereby preventing the escape of ui'd from said system.

14. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed uid cooling system including a cooling fluid radiator, means for circulating the i'luid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system', means for returning the condensate into the circulating iuid, and means operatively connected in said system and responsive to variations of pressure developed therein to compensate for expansion and contraction thereby preventing escape of fluid from said system or collapse of the system.A

15. In combination with a jacketed motor, a normally sealed uid cooling system including a cooling iuid radiator, means for circulating the uid through said jacket and radiator, means for receiving and condensing vapor formed in said system, means for returning the condensate into the circulating fluid, yielding means operatively connected in said system and actuated by variations of pressure tocompensate for expansion and contraction"which takes place within said system thereby normally preventing loss of fluid or collapse of the system, and normally inoperative means in said system actuated by excessive pressure above normal to permit the relief of excessive iluid `to atmosphere or below normal to admit air into the system from the atmosphere. 

